CD4 and Kaposi's sarcoma: For each of these clinical situations, KS-IRIS occurrence is associated with a concomitant reduction of at least 1 log10 in the HIV-1 RNA level, or with two of the following three minor criteria: (a) a 2-fold increase in the CD4+ T-cell count after ART, (b) an increase in the immune response (KSHV-antibodies), and (c) a spontaneous resolution of disease without specific chemotherapy with continuation of ART [30].