The current list of TGF-β signaling antagonists that advanced to HCC clinical trials includes soluble ligand neutralizing antibodies (e.g., SRK-181, SAR439459, NIS793, and Fresolimumab), rationally designed ligand traps (e.g., AVID200 as a TGF-β1/β3 trap), small molecule inhibitors of TGFβRI (e.g., Vactosertib and Galunisertib), and TGF-β2-targeting antisense oligonucleotides (e.g., Trabedersen) [308,320]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.