Intriguingly, however, unlike the high frequency of genetic aberrations in malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract, including those of the stomach, colon, and pancreas, the landscape of hotspot somatic mutations in the canonical TGF-β/Smad pathway remains relatively infrequent in HCC [25,165,166,167]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.