This cardioprotective effect of RKIP on cardiac remodeling, arrhythmia, as well as on survival was shown using mice with cardiac overexpression of RKIP (αMHC-RKIP-tg), RKIP knockout mice (RKIP-KO), and mice treated with an AAV9-RKIP gene therapy in a heart failure model of chronic left ventricular pressure overload [25]. This evidence concerns the gene PEBP1 and heart failure.