MCP-1, IL-8, TNF, Eotaxin, and MIP-1b are involved in the pathogenesis of MS, and elevated CSF levels of some of these molecules, particularly IL-8 and TNF, have previously been associated with disease reactivation and progression [4,6,23] and have been directly implicated in inflammatory neurodegeneration [6]. The gene discussed is CCL11; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.