Miconazole and/or sulfasalazine revealed protective effects on AA-induced ulcerative colitis via activation of the Nrf2 pathway that improved the antioxidant defense system against oxidative stress and inflammation in UC, as demonstrated by the alleviation of colonic immunopathology, suppression of malondialdehyde (MDA) and elevation in GSH, SOD and HO-1, as well as downregulation of the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP and upregulation of the IL-10 level. Here, HMOX1 is linked to ulcerative colitis.