Briefly, innate mechanisms involve virus identification by the toll-like receptors (TLR) of macrophages and dendritic cells (DC), which in turn produce type I interferon (IFN) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and chemokines, leading to the recruitment of neutrophils and further inflammatory immune cells to the site of infection. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and infection.