Pimentel-Nunes et al. noticed an overexpression of TLR2 and TLR4 in intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia/cancer sequence, regardless of the presence of H. pylori, but also an upregulation of these TLRs microRNA (mRNA) in individuals with H. pylori infection and normal gastric mucosa [28]. This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and cancer.