Homozygous deletion of Ctnnb1 in mouse UGS has shown that β-catenin is essential for embryonic prostate development, whereas conditional deletion in adult prostate epithelial cells has revealed β-catenin is surprisingly dispensable for normal adult prostate tissue homeostasis, as well as hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant Pten-deficient prostate cancer growth [186,187]. This evidence concerns the gene PTEN and Familial prostate cancer.