Inhibition of TrxR2 causes an increased mitochondrial concentration of reactive oxygen species, via the impairments of the Trx2 activity, which results in the release of a number of pro-apoptotic factors such as cyclophilin D. Thus, a selective inhibition of TrxR2 could be utilized as a strategy to kill cancer cells inducing apoptosis [61]. The gene discussed is TXNRD2; the disease is cancer.