PRKN and acute kidney injury: In line with this, in contrast-induced AKI, the contrast agent iohexol increases NLRP3 and malondialdehyde (MDA) (a biomarker of oxidative stress) levels and decreases the antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the protein levels of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin and microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3-II) [114].