The most expansive exome sequencing study to date in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders has found that loss-of-function variants in SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 3 (SHANK3) and Synaptic Ras GTPase-activating protein 1 (SYNGAP1) are among the most common monogenic etiologies for ASD [18]. The gene discussed is SHANK3; the disease is autism spectrum disorder.