Preclinical studies combining anti-CTLA-4, radiation and anti-CD137 have shown very promising results [153], and, in recurrent GBM patients, the ABTC 1501 trial involving anti-LAG-3 or anti-CD137 alone and in combination with anti-PD-1 has preliminarily shown improved overall survival in the combined anti-PD-1 and anti-CD137 group [154]. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is glioblastoma.