With the closest related human chemokine CCL15 also upregulated in CKD patients [15], the upregulation of CCL6 and CCL9 detected in the early stage of CKD and the fact that both chemokines have been described as ligands of the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic CCR1 [16], we here investigated a potential role of these chemokines in kidney inflammation and fibrosis in early experimental CKD. The gene discussed is CCR1; the disease is chronic kidney disease.