SPP1 and central nervous system cancer: Zhang et al. identified 16 endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes (CYP2E1, SLN, BRCA1, CISD2, LRRK2, BMP2, MYH7, HSPB1, DNM1L, SHISA5, RNF185, RCN1, SPP1, RPN2, PDIA3 and ATP2A2), and established an ER stress risk model based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) glioma database to reflect the immune characteristics and predict the prognosis of glioma patients [18].