RAF1 and infection: We previously showed that DENV NS5 traffics into and out of the cell nucleus during infection through interaction with specific members of the host importin (IMP) superfamily of nuclear transporters [5,13], and that this is essential to the DENV infectious cycle, whereby prevention of interaction through mutation leads to viral attenuation [14] and various small molecule inhibitors of the interaction reduce infectious virus production [13,15,16,17,18,19].