CTSB and leptospirosis: In human macrophages, the activation of the inflammation mediated by reactive oxygen species and lysosomal cathepsin B generated by Leptospira infection has prominent levels of NLRP3 and IL-18, favoring the production of IL-1 and leading to a high possibility of phagocytosis and the rapid modeling of some cytokines correlated with leptospirosis resistance [67].