In addition to the anti-obesity property of CPT-induced GDF15 elevation, GDF15 is also implicated in life span [59], atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease [60], inflammation and immunology [61], mitochondrial disease, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic renal, and cardiac failure [43,62]. The gene discussed is GDF15; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.