IL4 and neoplasm: They are subclassified into two categories: (a) M1-polarized TAMs are induced by interferon gamma to produce proinflammatory molecules including tumour necrosis factor-alpha and are associated with acute inflammatory insults; and (b) M2-polarized TAMs are induced by interleukin-4 stimulation to produce pro-angiogenic growth factors involved in chronic inflammation, tumour growth, and immunosuppression [5, 8, 22] leading to tumour invasion, and the formation of metastatic strings [29].