Furthermore, culturing MCTS within RGD-free HAGM cryogels resulted in the highest expression of the genes encoding for VEGF-A (Fig. 5G), WNT-11 (Fig. 5H), and CD73 (Fig. 5I), involved in angiogenesis, cancer invasion, and tumor growth/metastasis, respectively. This evidence concerns the gene NT5E and neoplasm.