In addition, there were 12 DEGs between CRS group and control group that clustered to the purine metabolism pathway of which expression was decreased for 2 genes, including Gucy2c and Entpd8, and increased for 10 genes, including Adcy7, Pde1a, Pde3b, Pde3a, Gucy1b1, Gucy1a1, Pde2a, Pde4d, Pde10a, Pde7b (Figures 6E, 7E, 8E). The gene discussed is PDE1A; the disease is congenital rubella syndrome.