An acute ablation of 99% of beta cell mass, (mimicking the Type 1 Diabetes, T1DM model), in adult mice had been shown to induce α cells to transdifferentiate into beta cells to compensate the loss and rescue the need for exogenous insulin for at least 6 months after β cell ablation (Thorel et al., 2010). Here, INS is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.