However, radiation induces the release of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (M2-like TAMs), T-regulatory cells (Tregs), N2 neutrophils, and immunosuppressive cytokines (TGF-β, IL-10) to promote the immunosuppressive microenvironment (8, 9). Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.