TPT1 and infection: To further verify this result, we isolated the cytoplasm and nuclear fractions to determine the localization of BmTCTP. As shown in Figure 3E, we can detect the TCTP-WT protein in both cytoplasm and nucleus; by contrast, only a weak signal of the TCTP-K164R can be detected in the nucleus, suggesting that TCTP-WT indeed entered the nucleus post BmNPV infection.