Studies using rat models of accelerated anti-glomerular basement membrane glomerulonephritis (Lan et al., 1998), subtotal (5/6) renal mass ablation (Yu et al., 2000), and streptozotocin-induced diabetes (Fischer et al., 1998) have similarly concluded that with injury renal osteopontin expression is upregulated. This evidence concerns the gene SPP1 and membranous glomerulonephritis.