The cancerous-PE group had six prominent markers that were significantly elevated and comprised proteins involved in cell adhesion and cancer development: cadherin-1 (CDH1), thrombospondin-4 (THBS4), mesothelin (MSLN), mucin-1 (MUC1/CA 15-3), sushi von Willebrand factor type A EGF and pentraxin domain-containing protein 1 (SVEP1), and Kunitz-type protease inhibitor 1 (SPINT1) (Fig. 1). This evidence concerns the gene MSLN and cancer.