TLR9 and hepatocellular carcinoma: For example, Ming-Yao Chen et al. reported that upregulation of hsa-miR-30a-5p induced by hydroxychloroquine could modulate autophagy, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in HCC to overcome sorafenib-resistance via TLR9/SOD1/hsa-miR-30a-5p/Beclin-1 axis [38].