The 510 malignant glioma samples were examined, and the top 20 mutated genes in malignant glioma were IDH1, TP53, ATRX, CIC, TTN, FUBP1, PIK3CA, NOTCH1, EGFR, MUC16, NF1, SMARCA4, FLG, PTEN, PIK3R1, IDH2, RYR2, OBSCN, ZBTB20 and ARID1A, where the most common type of mutation was missense (Figure 4A). Here, PTEN is linked to malignant glioma.