CSF2 and cancer: Maestroni et al. in their study reported that melatonin with neuroendocrine cytokine mechanism can rescue bone marrow cells from apoptosis of cancer chemotherapy compounds either under in-vivo or under in-vitro condition, by regulation of interleukin 4 release from bone marrow T-helper cells as well as the stimulation of stromal cell to produce GM-CSF subsequently (22).