CD8A and cancer: Bengsch et al recently established the core transcriptional CD8+ T-cell exhaustion signature by combining mouse and patient expression data from chronic viral infections and cancer.25 We compared the transcriptomic changes of TIM-3 patient groups on oncolytic adenovirus therapy and observed a significant upregulation of the core T-cell exhaustion program in patients experiencing TIM-3 increase (p<0.0001, figure 4A).