CSF2 and osteosarcoma: Certainly, new treatment paradigms exist for osteosarcoma, including immune-based therapies—including inhaled aerosolized granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and liposomal muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine—to treat and prevent lung metastasis as well as using antitumor agents and antiangiogenesis agents24; however, the impact of such interventions may not be fully reflected in the time frame studied because of a lack of 10-year follow-up data for more recent years in the data set.