Thus, melatonin may reduce the damage resulting from COVID-19-mediated septicemia by quelling HIF-1α, suppressing NF-ҝB, inhibiting the inflammasome and converting pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages to anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages while also reversing Warburg-type metabolism [57, 58] (Fig. 1). The gene discussed is HIF1A; the disease is COVID-19.