DSG3 and pemphigus foliaceus: Alongside the HLA susceptibility studies, other research has uncovered associations between PV and autoantigen or immune gene sequences: specific Dsg3 haplotypes were significantly linked with PV in both British and Indian cohorts (Capon et al., 2006); while single nucleotide polymorphisms within the variable region of the immunoglobulin heavy chain VH3 gene were associated with PF in two patients (Yamagami et al., 2009).