Patients with pemphigus possess Dsg3-reactive Th1 and Th2 cells (Lin et al., 1997; Rizzo et al., 2005), with some studies finding comparable frequencies of the two subsets (Eming et al., 2000), and others detecting greater numbers of autoreactive Th1 compared to Th2 cells (Veldman et al., 2003). This evidence concerns the gene DSG3 and pemphigus.