This observation in CRC is partially supported by the findings in gastric cancer, showing that mucosal IL-34 expression is inversely correlated with gastric cancer, including invasion, differentiation, and TNM (42), suggesting that mucosal IL-34 seems to also protect against the development of GC, probably by stimulating the maturation of macrophages via the CSF-1 receptor. The gene discussed is IL34; the disease is gastric cancer.