BLM aggravates pulmonary inflammation and apoptosis by up-regulating the expression of NF-κB signaling pathway and apoptosis regulator caspase-3, and substantially reducing the activity of antioxidant enzymes in a rat model of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis (Beigh et al., 2017). The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is pulmonary fibrosis.