ESR1 and cancer: However, in cancer, the carcinogenic mechanism of KDM4B is due to an abnormal increase in its expression, resulting in activation of multiple oncogene signaling pathways by histone demethylation, such as binding with MYC, AR or ER to promote the expression of downstream genes (Coffey et al., 2013; Yang et al., 2015; West et al., 2016; Tang et al., 2020).