Recently, studies have shown that combination with low-dose TNF-α could enhance therapeutic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs through the TNF-α/NFκB signaling cascade, driving quiescent cancer cells out of G0/G1 phase to enter treatment sensitive proliferating phases to be killed by chemotherapeutic drugs (Moon et al., 2010; Jayasooriya et al., 2013; Wu et al., 2017). Here, TNF is linked to cancer.