However, most biomarkers for oral cancer and periodontal disease detection are microRNA, cell-free DNA, extracellular vesicles, and cytokines (interleukin and tumor necrosis factor) (Cristaldi et al., 2019), which do not have specific bonds like SA (Hernández-Cedillo et al., 2019), carotenoids (Kim et al., 2010; Gonchukov et al., 2011), and thiocyanate (Falamas et al; Fălămaş et al., 2020) in saliva. Here, TNF is linked to periodontal disorder.