TGFB1 and Chagas disease: These same patients were re-evaluated, and we demonstrated the predictive value of TGF-β1 as a biomarker of clinical progression in Chagas disease: patients in the early stages of the chronic phase, who presented high levels of circulating TGF-β1, evolved with worse prognosis after 10 years of follow-up (Saraiva et al., 2013).