TNF and breast carcinoma: Liu et al. (2021) explored the mechanism of Fangji–Huangqi decoction in the treatment of breast cancer using network pharmacology and identified 108 targets (e.g., interleukin-6, ALB, CASP3, vascular endothelial growth factor) and 113 pathways (e.g., apoptosis, TNF signaling pathway). Tu et al. (2021) studied the mechanism of action of astragalus–atractylodes in the treatment of COVID-19 and identified 19 active components and 41 targets.