Contrary to the prevalence of anti-DFS70 antibodies, the frequency of isolated anti-DFS70 antibodies in HI (9.0%, 7/78, P=0.0003) and CKD patients (12.9%, 30/232, P=0.0001) were significantly higher compared to LN patients (0.8%, 3/377). Here, PSIP1 is linked to chronic kidney disease.