CGAS and viral infectious disease: During virus infection, cytosolic RNA or DNA species are recognized by retinoic-acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), respectively, leading to a robust activation of antiviral immune signaling and upregulation of numerous interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in innate immune cells (54–57).