NLRP3 and Parkinson disease: Another group used a chronic neurotoxicant, 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), model of PD and found that NLRP3 deficiency protected against nigral dopaminergic neurodegeneration, prevented microgliosis and astrogliosis in the substantia nigra and prevented α-syn aggregate deposition in the substantia nigra (Ou et al., 2021).