VCP and proteostasis deficiencies: Indeed, several other genes are associated with TDP-43 proteinopathies as well, with the most important ones being C9ORF72 in the ALS-FTD spectrum and VCP (valosin containing protein), hnRNPA1 and hnRNPA2B in multisystem proteinopathies (MSP) (Gitcho et al., 2009b; Kim et al., 2013; Taylor, 2015; Prasad et al., 2019; Jo et al., 2020).