Overall, in atherosclerosis P2X4 may be involved in the initiation of inflammasome priming, but does not appear to exert a pronounced influence on inflammasome assembly since we did not find difference in IL-1β RNA expression and caspase 1 activity between P2X4-deficient and P2X4-competent mice as assessed by FLICA staining. Here, CASP1 is linked to atherosclerosis.