APLN and diabetes mellitus: More notably, lead analogues from these studies induced similar antidiabetic effects in DIO diabetic male NIH Swiss mice (T2DM model), highlighting a potentially key therapeutic advantage due to their prolonged duration of action, thereby necessitating fewer daily injections.88 In keeping with this, pGlu(Lys8GluPAL)apelin-13 amide and (pGlu)apelin-13 amide have been shown to promote important antidiabetic actions in db/db mice (T2DM model),89 confirming their effectiveness across a range of diabetes aetiologies.