In addition, a deeper analysis revealed that IBD patient serum protein levels of IL-36α were negatively correlated with levels of the IL-36Ra further indicating an environment permissive to increased IL-36 cytokine signalling in IBD (Supplementary Fig. 1A) These data prompted us to next investigate what cell types may be responsive to IL-36 stimulation in IBD. Here, IL36A is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.