Finally, the T and NK cell-specific serine protease granzyme A (GZMA) for lysis of target cells was specifically downregulated in plasma from severe versus mild-moderate COVID-19 patients in our cohort in line with previously reported reduced levels in COVID-19 severe patients associate with impaired NK- and cytotoxic T cell functions39,40. The gene discussed is GZMA; the disease is COVID-19.