Besides the pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines evoking the induction of the IL-1-regulated arm of SASP, some of the soluble factors released by fibroblasts upon TRPC3 downregulation such as IL-8, HGF, ENA-78, CXCL5, RANTES, PDGF Rb and MMP1 directly stimulate tumour growth and resistance to chemotherapy or contribute to tumour progression in vivo (Fig. 8b-g)57–60. This evidence concerns the gene CCL5 and neoplasm.