HLA-C and neoplasm: In the tumour, the Notch gene was highly expressed, and KLF4 was downregulated by the C-side control element of Notch (ICN1); (iii) KLF4 plays a role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT): KLF4 can inhibit EMT through regulation of E-cadherin gene expression [50]; (iv) immune escape mechanism: tumour cell major histocompatibility complex (MHC) changes, affecting antigen presentation, thus avoiding immune surveillance.