TNF and stroke disorder: Thus, increased cerebral levels of microglial‐origin TNF, whether arising from induction by PAMPs on pathogens such as SARS‐CoV‐2, influenza viruses or Borrelia spp., by DAMPs (e.g. post‐stroke syndromes) or, as discussed below, non‐infectious influences such as hypoxia or trauma, can alter brain function in the same way.45